Hypoxia/Temperature/pH Triple Stimuli–Responsive Block Copolymers: Synthesis,Self-Assembly,and Controlled Drug Release

The amphiphilic block copolymer poly(methacrylic acid-co-2-nitroimidazole acrylate)-b-poly(2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (P(MAA-co-NIMA)-b-PDMAEMA) with the hypoxia/temperature/pH triple responsiveness is synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), hydrolysis, and 3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-1-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) reactions, and successfully self-assembled into micelles. The hypoxia response in vitro is realized, and then the sensitivity of the self-assembled micelles to the hypoxia condition is studied by controlling the grafting amount of aminated 2-nitroimidazole. Because 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) is a typical material sensitive to temperature and pH conditions, the self-assembled micelles are also responsive to temperature and different acidic/basic conditions. In addition, the cumulative release rate of doxorubicin (DOX) at 42 °C, pH = 6.0, and hypoxic conditions increases significantly, and verifies the synergistic promotion effect of the above stimulations. This intelligent polymer with triple response mechanism improves the controllability and efficiency of drug release, and is expected to be a drug carrier for cancer treatment.     

基于改进DaNN的综合能源系统多能负荷预测

随着能源革命的推进及双碳目标的提出,综合能源系统越发受到广大研究者的重视,对综合能源系统进行高效的规划和控制离不开精准的多能负荷预测。基于上述需求,引入迁移学习理论,提出一种改进领域自适应神经网络（DaNN）负荷预测模型对综合能源系统中的冷、热、电负荷进行统一建模与预测。首先,通过历史数据分别构筑冷、热、电负荷特征图,随后输入改进DaNN的参数共享卷积层和全连接层;其次,基于冷、热、电负荷联合预测的特点改进传统神经网络的损失函数,加入最大均值差异指标,并优化训练模型;最后,通过3个各自独立的全连接层分别输出冷、热、电负荷的预测值。通过采用实际算例验证并与基准模型对比可知,所提改进DaNN模型能够有效提高综合能源多能负荷预测精度。     

3D Printing Conductive Composites with Poly(ionic liquid) as a Noncovalent Intermedia to Fabricate Carbon Circuits

In this study, a kind of imidazole type poly(ionic liquid) ([PEP-MIM]Cl) is synthesized, which can disperse carbon effectively. [PEP-MIM]Cl is used as an intermediate to coat carbon on the poly(acrylic acid)(PAA-co-MBA) via ion exchange to obtain conductive polymer composite (CPC). A series of characterizations are performed. Experiments show that carbon can be coated on the PAA-co-MBA uniformly, and compared with using carbon as filler, this method requires less carbon to achieve good conductive performance. The carbon layer on the polymer's surface is enriched via the swelling-shrinking properties of PAA-co-MBA according to the SEM images. Furthermore, in combination with 3D printing technology, PAA-co-MBA can be designed into different shapes to achieve various functions such as pressure-sensing element. Finally, a new type of CPC named carbon clad polymeric laminate (CCPL) is prepared by using the carbon coating method and 3D printing technology. It has the potential to replace copper clad laminate (CCL) and printed circuit board (PCB), to a certain extent. This technology expands the preparation method and application of the CPC such as flexible and wearable conductive fabrics.     

Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid and Vitamin E Improves Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation Induced by High-Fat Diet in Mice

The study aims to investigate the effect of combined supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3, DHA) and vitamin E (VE) on the oxidative stress and liver triglycerides (TG) accumulation induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. C57BL/6J mice are fed either a control diet or an HFD for 8 weeks. Animals are supplemented with DHA, VE, or DHA + VE, respectively. Supplementation with DHA alone shows significant improvement in oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis in mice. Supplementation with DHA significantly reduces the liver TG and total cholesterol contents, and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, compared with the HFD. Supplementation with DHA also significantly decreases the mRNA expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1C. However, supplementation with VE alone does not show improvement in oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis. DHA + VE supply obtains a superior effect in alleviation of hepatic steatosis than DHA supplementation alone in mice fed by HFD. The efficacy of DHA potentiated by VE can be due to that VE enhances the effect of DHA in decrease of ALT and AST levels and increase of antioxidant enzyme activity and glutathione level in mice fed by HFD. Practical Applications: Supplementation with DHA significantly improves the oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis induced by HFD in mice. The efficacy of DHA in the alleviation of hepatic steatosis induced by HFD is potentiated by VE. These findings may provide a rational basis for the use of DHA and VE co-supplementation in patients with liver steatosis.     

Preparation and Bioactivity of Iridium(III) Phenanthroline Complexes with Halide Ions and Pyridine Leaving Groups

A series of half-sandwich structural iridium(III) phenanthroline (Phen) complexes with halide ions (Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻) and pyridine leaving groups ([(η⁵-Cp^X)Ir(Phen)Z](PF₆)_n, Cp^x: electron-rich cyclopentadienyl group, Z: leaving group) have been prepared. Target complexes, especially the Cp^xbiph (biphenyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl)-based one, showed favourable anticancer activity against human lung cancer (A549) cells; the best one ( Ir8 ) was almost five times that of cisplatin under the same conditions. Compared with complexes involving halide ion leaving groups, the pyridine-based one did not display hydrolysis but effectively caused lysosomal damage, leading to accumulation in the cytosol, inducing an increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis; this indicated an anticancer mechanism of oxidation. Additionally, these complexes could bind to serum albumin through a static quenching mechanism. The data highlight the potential value of half-sandwich iridium(III) phenanthroline complexes as anticancer drugs.     

Microstructure and properties of WC-8Co cemented carbides prepared by multiple spark plasma sintering

In this study, WC-8Co cemented carbides were prepared by spark plasma sintering. When the samples sintered at 1300℃ were cooled to room temperature, the samples were sintered multiple times at 1250℃. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of WC-8Co cemented carbides prepared by multiple spark plasma sintering were studied. The hardness of cemented carbides increased in the first two sintering, reaching 16.5 GPa. However, the hardness decreased seriously in the last two sintering. The attenuation rates of hardness were 6.2% and 2.5% due to the abnormal coarse grains. Furthermore, the crack path along the grain boundary was almost straight, causing a decrease in the indentation fracture toughness of cemented carbides. Additionally, the grains of cemented carbides were abnormally coarsened, and the morphologies of grains became unstable due to multiple sintering.     

Facile Modification of Biochar Derived from Agricultural Straw Waste with Effective Adsorption and Removal of Phosphorus from Domestic Sewage

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In recent decades, straw waste is the major byproduct around agriculture that has become one of the factors of environmental...     

延龄草苷的合成方法研究

延龄草苷为薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,来源于中药延龄草,为甾体皂苷类化合物,具有广泛的生物活性.通过两种方法合成延龄草苷:Koenigs-Knorr法,以溴代糖为糖基供体,以碳酸银作为催化剂,将薯蓣皂苷元与溴代-α-D-四乙酰葡萄糖成苷合成延龄草苷;三氟化硼-乙醚催化法,全乙酰葡萄糖作为糖供体,将薯蓣皂苷元与α-D-五乙酰葡萄糖成苷合成延龄草苷.合成产物和中间体的结构经1H-NMR和13C-NMR法确认.比较两种合成方法:Koenigs-Knorr法路线较长,步骤略为繁琐,收率较高,为74.7％;三氟化硼-乙醚催化法路线较短,反应迅速,成本更低,但收率较低,为34.9％.采用的两种方法均具有操作简单、反应条件温和的优点,可为延龄草苷的广泛应用提供物质保证,并为甾体皂苷类化合物的化学合成提供技术支持.     

伊索昔康的合成方法研究

研究并合成一种昔康类非甾体抗炎药——4-羟基-2-甲基-N-(5-甲基-3-异噁唑基)-2H-1,2-苯并噻嗪-3-羧酰胺-1,1-二氧化物(伊索昔康).以糖精钠(1)和氯乙酸甲酯为原料,经取代、重排扩环、甲基化反应生成4-羟基-2-甲基-2H-1,2-苯并噻嗪-3-羧酸甲酯1,1-二氧化物(4)中间体,化合物(4)与5-甲基-3-异噁唑胺发生酰胺化反应生成伊索昔康(5).目标产物总收率为64.6％,纯度达100％,其结构由1H-NMR和MS表征.     

氧化酸浸过程中高温合金废料中镍、钴元素的浸出行为

废旧镍基高温合金含有镍、钴等多种稀贵金属元素,是具有极高回收价值的二次资源.但是绝大部分高温合金废料未被资源化利用,造成了资源浪费和经济损失.采用盐酸、硝酸、过氧化氢对合金废料进行氧化酸浸,分别研究酸浸液配比、固液比、搅拌强度、浸出时间对浸出率的影响.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:盐酸浓度11 mol·L-1,浓硝酸用量20 mL,过氧化氢用量50 mL,搅拌强度300 r·min-1,固液比1:8,浸出时间3 h,在上述条件下,高温合金废料中镍、钴的浸出率分别为82.98％、79.74％.